{"id":300,"date":"2017-05-22T08:21:53","date_gmt":"2017-05-22T08:21:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/groups\/worldhistory\/?page_id=299"},"modified":"2023-04-16T09:29:45","modified_gmt":"2023-04-16T09:29:45","slug":"the-east-india-company","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/the-east-india-company\/","title":{"rendered":"The East India Company"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-939\" src=\"https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/Ships_in_Bombay_Harbour_1731-300x183.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"633\" height=\"386\" srcset=\"https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/Ships_in_Bombay_Harbour_1731-300x183.jpg 300w, https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/Ships_in_Bombay_Harbour_1731-768x468.jpg 768w, https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/04\/Ships_in_Bombay_Harbour_1731.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 633px) 100vw, 633px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The East India Company is our topic starting in September 2017.\u00a0Our investigation will range widely over its history and the development of trade, technologies, the impact on India, and Great Britain), and the battles with the Dutch East India Company (VOC), interaction with China and the development of trading entrepots around South East Asia.<\/p>\n<p>From John Keay&#8217;s The Honorable Company (see below):<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #993366;\">The career of \u2018the Grandest Society of Merchants in the Universe\u2019 spans as much geography as it does history. To follow its multifarious activities involves imposing a chronology extending from the reign of Elizabeth to that of Victoria upon a map extending from southern Africa to north-west America. Heavy are the demands this makes on both writer and reader. (And hence perhaps the dearth of narrative histories of the Company in this post-imperial age.) But the conclusion is inescapable. The East India Company was as much about the East as about India. Its Pacific legacies would be as lasting as those in the Indian Ocean; its most successful commercial venture was in China, not India.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #993366;\">Freed of its subservient function as the unworthy stock on which the mighty Raj would be grafted, the Company stands forth as a robust association of adventurers engaged in hazarding all in a series of preposterous gambles. Some paid off; many did not but are no less memorable for it. Bizarre locations, exotic produce, and recalcitrant personalities combine to induce a sense of romance which, however repugnant to the scholar, is in no way contrived. It was thanks to the incorrigible pioneering of the Company\u2019s servants that the British Empire acquired its peculiarly diffuse character. But for the Company there would have been not only no British India but also no global British Empire.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>This page lists a bunch of resources, both printed and available on websites. <strong><em>The page is going to be updated regularly.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Timeline<\/h3>\n<p>There are a number of simple timelines available on webpages, and some of the better ones are linked below. But we can construct our own, and there will be separate page for this, which can be eventually filtered by topic (I hope).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bl.uk\/learning\/histcitizen\/trading\/timeline\/timeline.html\">The British Library<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>Part of a quite extensive site from the British Library\u00a0as part of their history teaching resources. Worth exploring the links from these pages.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bricklanecircle.org\/east-india-company-timeline.html\">Brick Lane Circle<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.totallytimelines.com\/east-india-company-1600-1873\/\">Totally Timelines<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Maps<\/h3>\n<p>This is just a list of links to maps as they are found on websites:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li>The extent of the EIC (from Robbins)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/teaclimate.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/02\/eic_worldmap.png\">https:\/\/teaclimate.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/02\/eic_worldmap.png<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Trading routes and the monsoon effect:<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/qph.ec.quoracdn.net\/main-qimg-243ffcc6492b3243493f9084c3bc5e4d-c\">https:\/\/qph.ec.quoracdn.net\/main-qimg-243ffcc6492b3243493f9084c3bc5e4d-c<\/a><\/li>\n<li>EIC Indian territories 1765 &amp; 1805:<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Company_rule_in_India#\/media\/File:India1765and1805b.jpg\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Company_rule_in_India#\/media\/File:India1765and1805b.jpg<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>In Our Time<\/h4>\n<p>There is an episode of Melvyn Bragg&#8217;s In Our Time devoted to the EIC. Broadcast in June 2003,. The contributors were Linda Colley, Hugh Bowen, both of whom are represented in the book lists below, and Maria Misra, from Keble College, Oxford.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/p0054906\">In Our Time: East India Company<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There is also a similar <em>In Our Time<\/em> episode on the <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/b071vl2l\">VOC<\/a><\/strong>, the Dutch East India Company, the EIC&#8217;s early great rival.<\/p>\n<h3>Books &amp; articles<\/h3>\n<p>The are not that many available, modern, books on the whole history of the East India Company. The most frequently quoted one is John Keay&#8217;s The Honorable Company. The links go to the appropriate Amazon page: many of these books are either hard to come by, or expensive, often both! The John Keay, Philip Lawson and Jean Sutton books are available via Cumbria Libraries.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"article-sources-list\">\n<li>A.J. Farrington:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Trading-Places-India-Company-1600-1834\/dp\/0712347569\/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495446341&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=Trading+Places%3A+the+East+India+Company+and+Asia%2C+1600%E2%80%931834\"><strong>Trading Places: the East India Company and Asia, 1600\u20131834<\/strong> <\/a>(London: British Library, 2002)<\/li>\n<li>John Keay:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/d\/Books\/Honourable-Company-History-English-East-India\/0006380727\/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495446282&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=The+Honourable+Company%3A+A+History+of+the+English+East+India+Company\"><strong>The Honourable Company: A History of the English East India Company<\/strong><\/a> (London: Harper Collins, 1991)<\/li>\n<li>Philip Lawson:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/East-India-Company-History-1600-1857\/dp\/0582073855\/ref=sr_1_10?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495446236&amp;sr=1-10&amp;keywords=The+East+India+Company%3A+A+History\"><strong>The East India Company: A History<\/strong><\/a> (London: Routledge, 1993). Very good, very hard to find and very expensive for 166 pages!<\/li>\n<li>K.N. Chaudhuri:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/d\/Books\/Trading-World-Asia-Eng-East-India-1660-1760\/0521031591\/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495446190&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=The+Trading+World+of+Asia+and+the+English+East+India+Company%2C+1600-1760\"><strong>The Trading World of Asia and the English East India Company, 1600-1760<\/strong> <\/a>(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978)<\/li>\n<li>H.V. Bowen:<strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Business-Empire-Company-Imperial-1756-1833\/dp\/0521089824\/ref=sr_1_fkmr0_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495446132&amp;sr=8-1-fkmr0&amp;keywords=hThe+Business+of+Empire%3A+the+East+India+Company+and+Imperial+Britain%2C+1756-1833\">The Business of Empire: the East India Company and Imperial Britain, 1756-1833<\/a><\/strong> (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006)<\/li>\n<li>Nick Robins:<strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Corporation-That-Changed-World-Multinational\/dp\/0745325238\">The Corporation That Changed the World &#8211; Second Edition: How the East India Company Shaped the Modern Multinational<\/a> (<\/strong> Pluto Press, 2012)<\/li>\n<li>Jean Sutton:<strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Lords-East-Anniversary-India-Company\/dp\/0851777864\/ref=sr_1_8?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495455887&amp;sr=8-8&amp;keywords=jean+sutton\">Lords of the East: Anniversary edition: East India Company and Its Ships<\/a>\u00a0(<\/strong>Conway Maritime, 2000)<\/li>\n<li>Giles Milton:\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Nathaniels-Nutmeg-Incredible-Adventures-Changed\/dp\/1250069289\/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495866998&amp;sr=8-2&amp;keywords=nathaniels+nutmeg\">Nathaniel&#8217;s Nutmeg: Or, the True and Incredible Adventures of the Spice Trader Who Changed the Course of History<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>(London: John Murray, 2000) A charming account of the earliest days of the rise of the East India Company and its fierce battles with the VOC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>There&#8217;s also a quite complete annotated bibliography, in PDF form (up to late 2013) here:\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.co.uk\/url?sa=t&amp;rct=j&amp;q=&amp;esrc=s&amp;source=web&amp;cd=1&amp;cad=rja&amp;uact=8&amp;ved=0ahUKEwiqlv33m4PUAhUKPRoKHVxvCvEQFggnMAA&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.ucl.ac.uk%2Feicah%2Ffiles%2F2013%2F01%2FEIC-Bibliography-19.09.13.pdf&amp;usg=AFQjCNEis_RzrrTZvL685J6RMrZiPj6x2A&amp;sig2=kZ4sXLF6fQ9c-YB7lDGyVw\">University College, London<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There are a number of other books that have useful coverage of the East India Company:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>William Bernstein: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Splendid-Exchange-Trade-Shaped-World-x\/dp\/1843548038\/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495457308&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=a+splendid+exchange\">A Splendid Exchange\u00a0<\/a><\/strong>An economic history of the world, has a whole chapter on the competition between the VOC and the EIC.<\/li>\n<li>John Keay:<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/India-History-John-Keay\/dp\/0007307756\/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495457237&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=history+of+india\"> India: A History<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>Obviously&#8230;<\/li>\n<li>Peter Frankopan:\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Silk-Roads-New-History-World\/dp\/1408839970\/ref=tmm_hrd_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&amp;qid=1495456579&amp;sr=1-25\">The Silk Roads: A New History of the World<\/a><\/strong>. A wonderful, wonderful book, and he has coverage of the EIC in the Roads to Empire chapter.<\/li>\n<li>N A M Rodger: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Command-Ocean-History-Britain-1649-1815\/dp\/0141026901\/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495457614&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=rodger+command+of+the+ocean\">The Command of the Ocean: A Naval History of Britain 1649-1815<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>The magisterial volume of the History covering the golden age has lots of references to the EIC.<\/li>\n<li>Niall Ferguson: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Empire-Britain-Made-Modern-World\/dp\/0141007540\/ref=tmm_pap_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&amp;qid=1495464514&amp;sr=8-2\">Empire: How Britain Made the Modern World<\/a>. <\/strong>Lots of good coverage, though obviously within the theme that NF set himself.<\/li>\n<li>Ferdiand Braudel: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Civilization-Capitalism-15th-18th-Century-Civilisation\/dp\/0002163039\/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495698616&amp;sr=8-2&amp;keywords=braudel\">Civilisation &amp; Capitalism 15th-18th Century (3 vols)<\/a><\/strong> (the link is to the first listing on Amazon: lots more there. In any case one of the great histories, though more modern scholarship has moved on from many of his ideas). Coverage the EIC and VOC in each volume.<\/li>\n<li>Gordon Johnson: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/d\/Books\/Cultural-Atlas-India-Gordon-Johnson\/0816030138\/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495698898&amp;sr=8-2&amp;keywords=cultural+atlas+of+India\">Cultural Atlas of India<\/a><\/strong>. Some interesting illustrations and maps over a dozen or so pages<\/li>\n<li>Linda Colley: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Captives-Britain-Empire-World-1600-1850\/dp\/0712665285\/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1495886460&amp;sr=8-1&amp;keywords=Captives%3A+Britain+Empire+and+the+World+1600-1850\">Captives: Britain Empire and the World 1600-1850<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>One of Colley&#8217;s grand historical sweeps, with the over-riding perspective of those who made and were affected by the acquisition of the Britis Empire. Much on the EIC, obviously.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Charles-Raymond-Valentines-India-Company\/dp\/0950791520\/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1499684177&amp;sr=8-1&amp;keywords=Sir+Charles+Raymond+of+Valentines+and+the+East+India+Company\">Sir Charles Raymond of Valentines and the East India Company<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>The story of someone who made and survived seven voyages to India on East India Company ships, eventually as a captain\u00a0and then a &#8220;ship&#8217;s husband&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Articles<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>The Economist: <em><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.economist.com\/node\/21541753\">The Company that Ruled the Waves<\/a>\u00a0 <\/strong><\/em>From the Christmas 2011 edition<\/li>\n<li>History Today:\u00a0<strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.historytoday.com\/stephen-clarke\/good-company-re-evaluating-legacy-east-india-company\">In Good Company: Re-evaluating the legacy of the East India Company<\/a>\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong>September 2014<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/podacademy.org\/podcasts\/the-east-india-company-and-its-legacy\/\"><strong><em>The East India Company and its legacy<\/em><\/strong><\/a>: a transcript of a podcast from the National Maritime Museum<\/li>\n<li>Karl Marx on the EIC:<strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/marx\/works\/1853\/07\/11.htm\"> The East India Company \u2014 Its History and Results<\/a><\/em><\/strong>, written in 1853 and published in the\u00a0New York Daily Tribune, July 11, 1853.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Websites<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>British Library: the <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.eastindiacompany.amdigital.co.uk\/Introduction\/BritishLibrary\">India Office Archives<\/a><\/strong>, and the <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bl.uk\/learning\/histcitizen\/trading\/tradingplaces.html\">Trading Places<\/a><\/strong> website<\/li>\n<li>The new<strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theeastindiacompany.com\/\">East India Company<\/a><\/strong>! Incorporated in 2010, and quite keen to provide coverage of the original. Some nice stuff here.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.qdl.qa\/en\/brief-history-english-east-india-company-1600%E2%80%931858\">The Qatar Digital Library<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.fibis.org\/w\/East_India_Company\">FIBIS<\/a><\/strong>: A wiki-style website with a huge range of materials and links (<strong><em>fibiwiki<\/em><\/strong>:\u00a0an encyclopaedia about life in British India).<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.ucl.ac.uk\/eicah\/home\/\">The East India Company at Home, 1757-1857<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.bl.uk\/untoldlives\/2017\/01\/the-east-india-company-and-nootka-sound.html\"><strong>The East India Company and Nootka Sound<\/strong>:<\/a> interest as a result of the BBC&#8217;s <strong><em>Taboo<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0led to this piece on the British Library blog<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibiblio.org\/britishraj\/Jackson.html\"><strong>A History of India in 9 volumes<\/strong><\/a> edited \u00a0by\u00a0A. V. Williams Jackson, dated 1907. Volumes <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibiblio.org\/britishraj\/Jackson6\/index.html\">6<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibiblio.org\/britishraj\/Jackson7\/index.html\">7<\/a><\/strong> and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibiblio.org\/britishraj\/Jackson8\/index.html\">8<\/a><\/strong> cover the East India Company period.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Wikipedia: Quick links<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_India_Company\">East India Company<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>A pretty comprehensive starting point! The hyperlinks from this page will take you to just about everything factual about the company, its history, people, battles, impacts, with a huge range of external references and websites annotated.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>People<\/h3>\n<p>Wikipedia has a number of categories for the people of the EIC. The most useful are these:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a class=\"CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Directors_of_the_British_East_India_Company\">Directors of the British East India Company<\/a>\u200e<\/strong> <span dir=\"ltr\" title=\"Contains 0 subcategories, 89 pages, and 0 files\">(89 people)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><a class=\"CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:British_East_India_Company_civil_servants\">British East India Company civil servants<\/a><\/strong>\u200e <span dir=\"ltr\" title=\"Contains 0 subcategories, 91 pages, and 0 files\">(91 people)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Obviously, there are some big names that might deserve further exploration. The \u00a0link on the name is to Wikipedia, the Dictionary of National Biography \u00a0page is shown afterwards. You can use your Cumbria Libraries card number to access these pages:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Warren Hastings<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Clive\">Robert Clive<\/a> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.oxforddnb.com\/view\/article\/5697\">DNB<\/a>: a long \u00a0entry by Huw Bowen)<br \/>\n+ <a href=\"http:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/home\/sunday-times\/all-that-matters\/how-robert-clive-and-donald-trump-are-joined-by-history\/articleshow\/56539384.cms\">Nice piece by Peter Francopan<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joseph_Fran%C3%A7ois_Dupleix\">Marquis Dupleix<\/a><\/li>\n<li>James Lancaster (commander of first EIC fleet, 1601), and <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1034340\/pdf\/medhist00184-0042.pdf\">an early pioneer of the treatment for scurvy<\/a>.<\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.oxforddnb.com\/view\/article\/15961?docPos=2\">DNB<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>William Hawkins<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Job_Charnock\">Job Charnock<\/a>\u00a0(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.oxforddnb.com\/view\/article\/5169\">DNB<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Josiah_Child\">Sir Josiah Child<\/a>\u00a0(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.oxforddnb.com\/view\/article\/5290\">DNB<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerald_Aungier\">Gerald Aungier<\/a>\u00a0(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.oxforddnb.com\/view\/article\/67983\">DNB<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomas_Pitt\">Thomas Pitt<\/a>\u00a0(&#8220;Diamond Pitt&#8221;) (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.oxforddnb.com\/view\/article\/22333\">DNB<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexander_Dalrymple\">Alexander Dalrymple<\/a>\u00a0<em>[short] <\/em>(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.oxforddnb.com\/view\/article\/7044\">DNB<\/a>: a longer piece)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Places<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Plassey\"><strong>Plassey<\/strong>:\u00a0<\/a>site of the defining battle of Robert Clive (though not really his victory). Two lovely plans from the period, of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.columbia.edu\/itc\/mealac\/pritchett\/00maplinks\/colonial\/plassey1757\/plassey1757.html\">the battle<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.columbia.edu\/itc\/mealac\/pritchett\/00maplinks\/colonial\/calcuttamaps\/call1756\/call1756.html\">Calcutta<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fort_William,_India\">Fort William, Calcutta<\/a>: \u00a0<\/strong>the original started in 1696, destroyed in 1756<strong>. <\/strong>An <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bl.uk\/onlinegallery\/onlineex\/apac\/other\/largeimage65590.html\">engraving of 1754<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Governance<\/h3>\n<h3>India<\/h3>\n<h3>Trading<\/h3>\n<h3>Competition with VOC<\/h3>\n<h3>Relationship with British Government<\/h3>\n<p>Quotes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>It accomplished a work such as in the whole history of the human race no other Company ever attempted and as such, is ever likely to attempt in the years to come.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>The Times, 2nd January 1874<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The East India Company is our topic starting in September 2017.\u00a0Our investigation will range widely over its history and the development of trade, technologies, the impact on India, and Great Britain), and the battles with the Dutch East India Company (VOC), interaction with China and the development of trading entrepots around South East Asia. From &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/the-east-india-company\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">The East India Company<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-300","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/300","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=300"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/300\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":941,"href":"https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/300\/revisions\/941"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/furnessu3a.org\/worldhistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=300"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}